Topic: Yeast

A producer and molecular biologist provides an overview of CRISPR technology, which allows for precise DNA editing. The system, derived from bacterial defense mechanisms against viruses, can be used to program yeast to produce beneficial proteins like insulin. The discussion touches on the rapid advancement of genetic engineering and its potential for both medical breakthroughs and controversial applications like "mutated rats."

The New York Times reports on a breakthrough in synthesizing morphine and heroin using genetically modified yeast instead of opium poppies. This development, published in "Nature Chemical Biology," could allow drug production to move from fields in Afghanistan to small-scale laboratory settings. The potential economic impact on nations dependent on poppy cultivation and the CIA's alleged black budget is discussed.

Analysis of EPA Administrator Lisa Jackson's comments suggests that cap and trade regulations could target CO2 emissions from yeast fermentation. This would impact bread making, beer and wine production, and the creation of livestock silage, potentially increasing food costs.

The hosts analyze a 2005 or 2006 Ridge Geyserville Zinfandel, noting its high alcohol content which is attributed to modern high-tech yeasts. A discussion follows regarding the practice of "watering down" dark, high-alcohol wines to improve taste or maintain sobriety at parties. The concept of a "field blend" is explained as a traditional method where different grape varieties are grown and harvested together.