The militant group formerly known as ISIS or ISIL has rebranded as the "Islamic State," declaring a global caliphate under Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu expressed support for Kurdish independence, aligning with Israel's long-term interests in the region. This shift occurs as Genel Energy, led by former BP CEO Tony Hayward, begins exporting Kurdish oil to international markets via Turkey, bypassing the central Iraqi government in Baghdad.

